Comparative Study of the Immediate Effects of Deep Breathing Exercise Coupled with Breath Holding up to the Breaking Point, on Respiratory Rate, Heart Rate, Mean Arterial Blood Pressure and Peak Expiratory Flow Rate in Young Adults
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Abstract
Background:
There are many studies on the immediate effects of deep breathing and breath holding separately, but no studies
reported on the immediate effects of deep breathing coupled with breath holding on the Respiratory rate [RR], Heart rate [HR], Mean arterial blood pressure [MAP] & Peak Expiratory flow rate [PEFR]. A comparative study was carried out to evaluate the immediate effects of deep breathing exercise coupled with breath holding up to breaking point, on RR, HR, MAP and PEFR.
Methods:
RR, HR, MAP & PEFR of volunteers were recorded in I year MBBS students of both genders [n=99; female 59; male 40].
The subject was directed to inhale slowly up to the maximum of 5 seconds and then to exhale slowly up to the maximum of 5 sec. [i.e. at the rate of 6 breaths /min] for 5 minutes. Immediately after this exercise, the subject was instructed to take deep inspiration & then hold the breath upto breaking point. RR, HR, MAP & PEFR were recorded again. Statistical analysis was done with the help of SPSS 16 by both Paired & Unpaired Students’‘t’ test; and correlation. P<0.05 is considered as significant.
Results:
PEFR is found to be significantly increased by 5%, with insignificant decrease in respiratory rate, heart rate, and mean
arterial blood pressure in young adults of both sexes. Breath holding time significantly increase after deep breathing exercise.
Conclusion:
The result indicates that the parasympathetic dominance claimed as an immediate effect of deep breathing exercise is nullified by the opposing effects of breath holding upto breaking point. The increase in PEFR can be due to a decrease in small airways resistance, which is not influenced by central autonomic regulation.
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References
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